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The sorption and leaching of ethametsulfuron-methyl by an acidic soil, after organic amendment with humic acid (HA) and a commercial peat, were studied in batch and soil column experiments. Adsorption capacity (K f ) values, obtained by fitting the experimental data to the Freundlich equation, ranged from 4.39 for the original soil containing 1.02% OC to 10.56 for the organic amended soils...
This study addresses the spatial and temporal variability of soil properties before and after the application of organic and inorganic amendments in a trace-element-polluted soil using statistics and geostatistical methods. The experiment took place in a plot (20×50 m) affected by the acid toxic pyritic sludge from the Aznalcóllar mine (Seville, Spain) in April 1998. Soil samples from 0- to 15-cm...
Base- and acid-hydrolysable fractions of humic acids (HAs) isolated from a forest soil, an agricultural soil and a lignite deposit were analysed, and comparisons were made between the base hydrolysable lipid (bound lipid), carbohydrate and amino acid signatures of the different humic acids.Bound lipids differ depending on the humic acid origin. Their composition were rather similar for the two soil...
Tropical soils are generally depleted in organic carbon (OC) due to environmental conditions favouring decomposition and mineralisation of soil organic matter (SOM). In Northern Laos, sloping soils are subjected to slash and burn agriculture, which leads to production of black carbon (BC), a stable SOM fraction. BC may directly influence the quantity and quality of SOM sequestered in tropical soils...
Significant portions of the global soil organic carbon (SOC) pool must reside on sloping terrains where the spatial distribution of SOC reflects the combined effects of geomorphic processes and biological C cycling. Using a newly developed soil C mass balance model that explicitly includes soil production and sediment transport, we investigated the relative roles of sediment production/transport vs...
The distribution and form of P in soil is central to the sustainability of agricultural practice. This study used sequential fractionation and 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 31 P NMR) of NaOH–EDTA extracts to examine the influence of pastoral, native (undisturbed) and forest land use on soil P forms in 5 contrasting soils ranging from a Regosol to a Rendzina in Otago,...
Nitrogen distribution was studied, by successive 1 M (H1) and 3 M HCl (H2) hydrolyses, on a natural soil before (NS) and after 15 N labelling (LS) in an incubation chamber and burning (BLS) in a furnace simulating an intense fire (385 °C, 10 min). The labelling increased the organic-N of H1 (H1-N) by 4.7%, due to the increase in hydrolyzable unidentified-N (HU-N, 66.3%) and amino acids (AA-N,...
Rock-derived nutrients in soils originate from both local bedrock and atmospheric dust, including dust from far-distant sources. Distinction between fine particles derived from local bedrock and from dust provides better understanding of the landscape-scale distribution and abundance of soil nutrients. Sandy surficial deposits over dominantly sandstone substrates, covering vast upland areas of the...
Dilution of high-sodicity soil water by low-sodicity rainfall or irrigation water can cause declining soil hydraulic conductivity (K) by inducing swelling, aggregate slaking and clay particle dispersion. Investigations of sodicity-induced reduction in K are generally restricted to repacked laboratory cores of air-dried and sieved soil that are saturated and equilibrated with sodic solution before...
The interactive effects of two functionally different earthworm species (Aporrectodea caliginosa (endogeic species) and Lumbricus rubellus (epigeic species)) on the incorporation of fresh residue into large macroaggregates and formation of microaggregates within these large macroaggregates were investigated during a short-term laboratory experiment using 13 C-labelled sorghum (Sorghum bicolor...
Aluminum–humus complexes are believed to be highly stable under natural conditions in nonallophanic Andosols. However, it has been shown that the aluminum complexed with humus is easily released by acidic buffer solutions and possibly controls the aluminum solubility of these soils. Thus, it is highly probable that Al–humus complexes are easily influenced by rather simple chemical treatments. We examined...
Chemically and physically fractionated samples extracted from the surface horizon of a soil developed under a mix of coniferous and deciduous vegetation in southwestern Colorado were studied. 13 C NMR data on this soil's organic matter and its HF(aq)-washed residue, as well as the classic acid/base-separated humic fractions (humic acid, fulvic acid, humin), were examined for chemical–structural...
Sixteen Orthic Chernozemic surface soil samples, one half from virgin prairie and one half from adjacent cultivated prairie (cultivated for 31 to 94 years), were collected from eight sites throughout Southern Saskatchewan, Canada. Samples were analyzed for total organic C and a number of other chemical and physical properties. The virgin and cultivated soils at site No. 4 were selected for more detailed...
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